Give the Legal Definition of the Ship and Its Important Characteristic and Departures
Wharf: (verb) – Bring a vessel to moor at a berth. (You park a car, but moor a ship.) (Name) – A wharf is a structure built along or at an angle of a waterway so that ships can sit next to it to pick up or unload goods. Sometimes the entire wharf is unofficially called a wharf. Shipping: A shipment of goods. The purchaser of this shipment is designated as the consignee; The seller of the goods is designated as the consignor. If the shipper reserves cargo on a seagoing vessel, the shipping company is responsible for handling the cargo on the vessel specified on the booking confirmation. Heavy cargo: Very heavy cargo that requires special equipment to transport products to and from ships, trucks, trains, barges and terminals. These heavy machines can be installed on board a ship designed solely for this transport. Land-based cranes, floating cranes and forklifts may also be suitable for such heavy lifting operations.
Launch service: Companies that provide a “water taxi” service for ships at anchor. A number of States unlawfully require prior notification before a foreign warship is allowed to cross their territorial waters peacefully, but most of these States do not specify when the foreign warship must make the notification. A large number of countries, especially China, require not only illegal not only notification, but also prior authorization. The right of transit is defined as the exercise of freedom of navigation and overflight for the sole purpose of continuous and expeditious transit through an international strait between a part of the high seas or an EEZ and another part of the high seas or an EEZ in the normal modes of operation used by ships and aircraft for that passage. An exception to the right of way states that the right “does not apply if the strait is formed by an island of a State adjacent to the strait and its mainland” and “there is a route to the sea on the high seas or through an exclusive economic zone equally favourable in terms of nautical and hydrographic characteristics”. 22 Passage through the coastal State shall not be impeded or suspended for any purpose in peacetime. This also applies to transit vessels, including warships, of States living in peace with the neighbouring coastal State but involved in an armed conflict with another State.23 During transit, however, warring parties may not conduct offensive operations against enemy forces or use these neutral waters as a place of refuge or base of operations.24 Given the high visibility that some FON operations currently receive with respect to interactions with China, it is important to emphasize that the FON program is “principled.” FON operations focus on the excessive nature of maritime claims, rather than on the identity of the coastal states making these claims. U.S. forces dispute exaggerated claims made not only by potential adversaries and competitors, but also by allies, partners, and other states. The program includes “both FON operations (i.e., operations that have the primary objective of challenging excessive maritime claims) as well as other SOF-related activities (i.e., operations that have a different primary purpose but have the side effect of challenging excess claims) to achieve efficiency in a financially restricted environment.
Each year, the Department of Defense publishes an annual FON report that summarizes the U.S. Armed Forces` FON operations and other FON-related activities and identifies specific coastal countries and excessive claims.35 Steamship Line: A steamship (shipping company) operating on a specific international route. Examples: NSCSA (National Shipping Company of Saudi Arabia), American President Lines (APL), Maersk Sealand, Evergreen, etc. Rail yard: This is a container parking lot or open area where containers are stored in a specific order according to the ship`s loading schedule. Container terminals may use a grounded or mobile layout. If the cargo box is placed directly on the ground, this is called grounding. If the box is on a chassis/trailer, this is a wheel operation. Operating port: In a service port like Charleston, South Carolina, the port authority builds the docks, owns the cranes and handling equipment, and hires the labour to move the goods to hangars and shipyards. A longshoreman hires longshoremen to transport the goods between the ship and the wharf, where port workers pick them up and bring them to the storage site. (See Owner port.) The shipping company`s analysts compare the specified ETD and ETA with the actual departure and arrival times.
It is important to note some important differences between innocent and transit passage that are particularly relevant to military operations, and to emphasize the fact that fewer restrictions can be imposed on transit compared to peaceful transit. Although there is no right of peaceful passage for aircraft and coastal states may refuse entry to aircraft attempting to cross airspace over their territorial waters, they are not permitted to refuse aircraft passage through an international strait. Consignment note: A document used to identify the sender and consignee, represent the itinerary, describe the goods, represent the applicable rate, display the weight of the consignment, and create other useful information notes. The South China Sea (SCS) is the most controversial region for FON operations. China has built artificial elements and installed military equipment on them, in addition to a host of other excessive maritime claims, including broad sovereignty claims exemplified by the so-called “nine-dash line.” See Chapter Ten: The South China Sea Tribunal for more information on this topic. In 2016, the United States challenged the following Chinese restrictions on freedom of navigation: 1) excessive straight baselines; (2) jurisdiction over the airspace above the EEZ; (3) restriction on foreign aircraft flying over an Air Defence Identification Zone (AOIZ) without intending to enter national airspace; (4) national legislation criminalizing the collection activities of foreign entities in the EEZ; and (5) prior authorization required for the innocent passage of foreign military vessels through the territorial sea.38 On December 22, 2015, the Secretary of Defense outlined the U.S. view on FON operations in the SCS in response to a request from Senator John McCain regarding a much-discussed FON operation by the USS Lassen in southern China on October 27. 2015.39 Senator McCain and other members of Congress have suggested that the Department of Defense should more clearly articulate the specific excess claims challenged by these types of FON operations.40 In October 2016, a U.S. Navy destroyer sailed near Woody Island, which is also claimed by Taiwan and Vietnam, in the fourth such U.S. Navy operation per year. China called the act “provocative” and pointed the finger at the United States. FON operations in the SCS address various claims that are not supported under the LOSC.41 The OOW Maritime Dictionary is updated periodically.
The best way to find the definition of the term you are looking for is to press Ctrl + F in your web browser to bring up the search bar and type the term you are looking for. The ETD and ETA depend on factors such as the ship`s schedule, bunkering and maintenance stops, and the conditions known in the different ports – at the point of departure and en route, such as work problems, quay overloads, etc. A booking confirmation is a valid contract between the carrier and the shipper. It is issued by the freight forwarder or freight forwarder to the shipper. Outfitter: Like a hotel at sea, a ship needs a lot of supplies to operate and serve its crew – food; paper products; engine parts; Electronics; Hardware; etc. An outfitter sells these supplies to the shipping agent. Originally, outfitters (candle makers) provided lighting for ships. Over time, they expanded the variety of products they could make available to ships. Container: An aluminum, steel or fiberglass box used to transport goods by ship, train, truck or barge. Common dimensions are 20` x 8` x 8` (called TEU or twenty-foot equivalent) or 40` x 8` x 8`, called FIRE. Variants include folding containers, tank containers (for liquids) and “rags” (open containers covered with a tarpaulin for goods that is above the top of a closed box).
In the container industry, containers are usually simply referred to as boxes. A booking confirmation will include the booking confirmation number, the description and quantity of freight to be shipped, the equipment used for the shipment and the itinerary. In explaining the reasons for its decision, the Supreme Court compared the findings of two previous Supreme Court cases in which the court had to decide whether a particular vessel was a vessel. Evansville & Bowling Green Packet Co. v. Chero Cola Bottling Co. 271 U.S. 12 (1926) involved a dock boat floating next to a dock. The wharf boat, which was connected to the wharf by cables, supply lines and a ramp, was used to transport goods from one ship to another and from one ship to another. It was towed away from the wharf each winter to avoid river ice. Although the quay boat was moved regularly, the court concluded that it was not a vessel because it was not actually used to transport goods from one place to another and was not exposed to the navigational hazards that ships typically face for transport.